It is a well-known statistical trope that ice cream sales correlate with shark attacks. Does this mean banning Rocky Road would save swimmers? Of course not....
Imagine you are a doctor running a clinical trial. You know if a patient recovered, but that’s only half the story. Did they recover in 3 days or 3 months?
You’ve carefully collected your data, cleaned it, and you're ready to run a standard t-test or ANOVA. But then you check the histogram. Instead of a beautifu...
Most data science courses start with a lie. They teach you that probability is simply the "long-run frequency" of an event—if you flip a coin infinite times,...
Imagine running a clinical trial for a new cancer drug. You spend millions of dollars and months recruiting patients. The results come back: "Not statistical...
Imagine you are running a clinical trial for a new heart medication. You have four groups of patients: one taking a low dose, one taking a medium dose, one t...
You can calculate the average height of a basketball team. You can find the standard deviation of stock prices. But what do you do when your data isn't numer...
Imagine you're a product manager launching a new feature. Your data scientist runs a test and reports: "This feature increases user retention by 5%."
Imagine you are tasked with finding the average income of a country with 100 million people. The data is messy: most people earn a modest salary, a few earn ...
Most "data-driven" decisions are actually just guesses wrapped in fancy charts. Why? because observing that "Metric A went up when we launched Feature B" is ...
Imagine you are a judge in a high-stakes courtroom. A defendant stands accused of a crime, but under the law, they are presumed innocent. The prosecutor cann...
If you flipped a coin 10 times, you wouldn't be surprised to get 5 heads. But if you flipped it 10 times and got 10 heads, you'd suspect the coin was rigged....
Imagine you are analyzing the salaries of 50 people in a bar. The average income is roughly \20 million. Does this mean everyone in the bar is now a multi-mi...
Most data science courses teach you one way to measure relationships: the Pearson correlation coefficient. You call in pandas, see a matrix of numbers, and m...
